1. 典型的绘图部件

保存文件：vnpy\usertools\chart_items.py
其中包含：

• LineItem
• RsiItem
• SmaItem
• MacdItem
• TradeItem
• OrderItem

from datetime import datetime
from typing import List, Tuple, Dict

from vnpy.trader.ui import create_qapp, QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets
from pyqtgraph import ScatterPlotItem
import pyqtgraph as pg
import numpy as np
import talib
import copy

from vnpy.chart import ChartWidget, VolumeItem, CandleItem
from vnpy.chart.item import ChartItem
from vnpy.chart.manager import BarManager

from vnpy.trader.object import (
    BarData,
    OrderData,
    TradeData
)

from vnpy.trader.object import Direction, Exchange, Interval, Offset, Status, Product, OptionType, OrderType

from collections import OrderedDict
import pytz
CHINA_TZ = pytz.timezone("Asia/Shanghai")


class LineItem(CandleItem):
    """"""

    def __init__(self, manager: BarManager):
        """"""
        super().__init__(manager)

        self.white_pen: QtGui.QPen = pg.mkPen(color=(255, 255, 255), width=1)

    def _draw_bar_picture(self, ix: int, bar: BarData) -> QtGui.QPicture:
        """"""
        last_bar = self._manager.get_bar(ix - 1)

        # Create objects
        picture = QtGui.QPicture()
        painter = QtGui.QPainter(picture)

        # Set painter color
        painter.setPen(self.white_pen)

        # Draw Line
        end_point = QtCore.QPointF(ix, bar.close_price)

        if last_bar:
            start_point = QtCore.QPointF(ix - 1, last_bar.close_price)
        else:
            start_point = end_point

        painter.drawLine(start_point, end_point)

        # Finish
        painter.end()
        return picture

    def get_info_text(self, ix: int) -> str:
        """"""
        text = ""
        bar = self._manager.get_bar(ix)
        if bar:
            text = f"Close:{bar.close_price}"
        return text

class SmaItem(CandleItem):
    """"""

    def __init__(self, manager: BarManager):
        """"""
        super().__init__(manager)

        self.blue_pen: QtGui.QPen = pg.mkPen(color=(100, 100, 255), width=2)

        self.sma_window = 10
        self.sma_data: Dict[int, float] = {}

    def get_sma_value(self, ix: int) -> float:
        """"""
        if ix < 0:
            return 0

        # When initialize, calculate all rsi value
        if not self.sma_data:
            bars = self._manager.get_all_bars()
            close_data = [bar.close_price for bar in bars]
            sma_array = talib.SMA(np.array(close_data), self.sma_window)

            for n, value in enumerate(sma_array):
                self.sma_data[n] = value

        # Return if already calcualted
        if ix in self.sma_data:
            return self.sma_data[ix]

        # Else calculate new value
        close_data = []
        for n in range(ix - self.sma_window, ix + 1):
            bar = self._manager.get_bar(n)
            close_data.append(bar.close_price)

        sma_array = talib.SMA(np.array(close_data), self.sma_window)
        sma_value = sma_array[-1]
        self.sma_data[ix] = sma_value

        return sma_value

    def _draw_bar_picture(self, ix: int, bar: BarData) -> QtGui.QPicture:
        """"""
        sma_value = self.get_sma_value(ix)
        last_sma_value = self.get_sma_value(ix - 1)

        # Create objects
        picture = QtGui.QPicture()
        painter = QtGui.QPainter(picture)

        # Set painter color
        painter.setPen(self.blue_pen)

        # Draw Line
        start_point = QtCore.QPointF(ix-1, last_sma_value)
        end_point = QtCore.QPointF(ix, sma_value)
        painter.drawLine(start_point, end_point)

        # Finish
        painter.end()
        return picture

    def get_info_text(self, ix: int) -> str:
        """"""
        if ix in self.sma_data:
            sma_value = self.sma_data[ix]
            text = f"SMA {sma_value:.1f}"
        else:
            text = "SMA -"

        return text

class RsiItem(ChartItem):
    """"""

    def __init__(self, manager: BarManager):
        """"""
        super().__init__(manager)

        self.white_pen: QtGui.QPen = pg.mkPen(color=(255, 255, 255), width=1)
        self.yellow_pen: QtGui.QPen = pg.mkPen(color=(255, 255, 0), width=2)

        self.rsi_window = 14
        self.rsi_data: Dict[int, float] = {}

    def get_rsi_value(self, ix: int) -> float:
        """"""
        if ix < 0:
            return 50

        # When initialize, calculate all rsi value
        if not self.rsi_data:
            bars = self._manager.get_all_bars()
            close_data = [bar.close_price for bar in bars]
            rsi_array = talib.RSI(np.array(close_data), self.rsi_window)

            for n, value in enumerate(rsi_array):
                self.rsi_data[n] = value

        # Return if already calcualted
        if ix in self.rsi_data:
            return self.rsi_data[ix]

        # Else calculate new value
        close_data = []
        for n in range(ix - self.rsi_window, ix + 1):
            bar = self._manager.get_bar(n)
            close_data.append(bar.close_price)

        rsi_array = talib.RSI(np.array(close_data), self.rsi_window)
        rsi_value = rsi_array[-1]
        self.rsi_data[ix] = rsi_value

        return rsi_value

    def _draw_bar_picture(self, ix: int, bar: BarData) -> QtGui.QPicture:
        """"""
        rsi_value = self.get_rsi_value(ix)
        last_rsi_value = self.get_rsi_value(ix - 1)

        # Create objects
        picture = QtGui.QPicture()
        painter = QtGui.QPainter(picture)

        # Draw RSI line
        painter.setPen(self.yellow_pen)

        if np.isnan(last_rsi_value) or np.isnan(rsi_value):
            # print(ix - 1, last_rsi_value,ix, rsi_value,)
            pass
        else:
            end_point = QtCore.QPointF(ix, rsi_value)
            start_point = QtCore.QPointF(ix - 1, last_rsi_value)
            painter.drawLine(start_point, end_point)

        # Draw oversold/overbought line
        painter.setPen(self.white_pen)

        painter.drawLine(
            QtCore.QPointF(ix, 70),
            QtCore.QPointF(ix - 1, 70),
        )

        painter.drawLine(
            QtCore.QPointF(ix, 30),
            QtCore.QPointF(ix - 1, 30),
        )

        # Finish
        painter.end()
        return picture

    def boundingRect(self) -> QtCore.QRectF:
        """"""
        # min_price, max_price = self._manager.get_price_range()
        rect = QtCore.QRectF(
            0,
            0,
            len(self._bar_picutures),
            100
        )
        return rect

    def get_y_range( self, min_ix: int = None, max_ix: int = None) -> Tuple[float, float]:
        """  """
        return 0, 100

    def get_info_text(self, ix: int) -> str:
        """"""
        if ix in self.rsi_data:
            rsi_value = self.rsi_data[ix]
            text = f"RSI {rsi_value:.1f}"
            # print(text)
        else:
            text = "RSI -"

        return text


def to_int(value: float) -> int:
    """"""
    return int(round(value, 0))

""" 将y方向的显示范围扩大到1.1 """
def adjust_range(in_range:Tuple[float, float])->Tuple[float, float]:
    ret_range:Tuple[float, float]
    diff = abs(in_range[0] - in_range[1])
    ret_range = (in_range[0]-diff*0.05,in_range[1]+diff*0.05)
    return ret_range

class MacdItem(ChartItem):
    """"""
    _values_ranges: Dict[Tuple[int, int], Tuple[float, float]] = {}

    last_range:Tuple[int, int] = (-1,-1)    # 最新显示K线索引范围

    def __init__(self, manager: BarManager):
        """"""
        super().__init__(manager)

        self.white_pen: QtGui.QPen = pg.mkPen(color=(255, 255, 255), width=1)
        self.yellow_pen: QtGui.QPen = pg.mkPen(color=(255, 255, 0), width=1)
        self.red_pen: QtGui.QPen = pg.mkPen(color=(255, 0, 0), width=1)
        self.green_pen: QtGui.QPen = pg.mkPen(color=(0, 255, 0), width=1)

        self.short_window = 12
        self.long_window = 26
        self.M = 9

        self.macd_data: Dict[int, Tuple[float,float,float]] = {}

    def get_macd_value(self, ix: int) -> Tuple[float,float,float]:
        """"""
        if ix < 0:
            return (0.0,0.0,0.0)

        # When initialize, calculate all macd value
        if not self.macd_data:
            bars = self._manager.get_all_bars()
            close_data = [bar.close_price for bar in bars]

            diffs,deas,macds = talib.MACD(np.array(close_data), 
                                    fastperiod=self.short_window, 
                                    slowperiod=self.long_window, 
                                    signalperiod=self.M)

            for n in range(0,len(diffs)):
                self.macd_data[n] = (diffs[n],deas[n],macds[n])

        # Return if already calcualted
        if ix in self.macd_data:
            return self.macd_data[ix]

        # Else calculate new value
        close_data = []
        for n in range(ix-self.long_window-self.M+1, ix + 1):
            bar = self._manager.get_bar(n)
            close_data.append(bar.close_price)

        diffs,deas,macds = talib.MACD(np.array(close_data), 
                                            fastperiod=self.short_window, 
                                            slowperiod=self.long_window, 
                                            signalperiod=self.M) 
        diff,dea,macd = diffs[-1],deas[-1],macds[-1]
        self.macd_data[ix] = (diff,dea,macd)

        return (diff,dea,macd)

    def _draw_bar_picture(self, ix: int, bar: BarData) -> QtGui.QPicture:
        """"""
        macd_value = self.get_macd_value(ix)
        last_macd_value = self.get_macd_value(ix - 1)

        # # Create objects
        picture = QtGui.QPicture()
        painter = QtGui.QPainter(picture)

        # # Draw macd lines
        if np.isnan(macd_value[0]) or np.isnan(last_macd_value[0]):
            # print("略过macd lines0")
            pass
        else:
            end_point0 = QtCore.QPointF(ix, macd_value[0])
            start_point0 = QtCore.QPointF(ix - 1, last_macd_value[0])
            painter.setPen(self.white_pen)
            painter.drawLine(start_point0, end_point0)

        if np.isnan(macd_value[1]) or np.isnan(last_macd_value[1]):
            # print("略过macd lines1")
            pass
        else:
            end_point1 = QtCore.QPointF(ix, macd_value[1])
            start_point1 = QtCore.QPointF(ix - 1, last_macd_value[1])
            painter.setPen(self.yellow_pen)
            painter.drawLine(start_point1, end_point1)

        if not np.isnan(macd_value[2]):
            if (macd_value[2]>0):
                painter.setPen(self.red_pen)
                painter.setBrush(pg.mkBrush(255,0,0))
            else:
                painter.setPen(self.green_pen)
                painter.setBrush(pg.mkBrush(0,255,0))
            painter.drawRect(QtCore.QRectF(ix-0.3,0,0.6,macd_value[2]))
        else:
            # print("略过macd lines2")
            pass

        painter.end()
        return picture

    def boundingRect(self) -> QtCore.QRectF:
        """"""
        min_y, max_y = self.get_y_range()
        rect = QtCore.QRectF(
            0,
            min_y,
            len(self._bar_picutures),
            max_y
        )
        return rect

    def get_y_range(self, min_ix: int = None, max_ix: int = None) -> Tuple[float, float]:
        #   获得3个指标在y轴方向的范围   
        #   hxxjava 修改，2020-6-29
        #   当显示范围改变时，min_ix,max_ix的值不为None，当显示范围不变时，min_ix,max_ix的值不为None，

        offset = max(self.short_window,self.long_window) + self.M - 1

        if not self.macd_data or len(self.macd_data) < offset:
            return 0.0, 1.0

        # print("len of range dict:",len(self._values_ranges),",macd_data:",len(self.macd_data),(min_ix,max_ix))

        if min_ix != None:          # 调整最小K线索引
            min_ix = max(min_ix,offset)

        if max_ix != None:          # 调整最大K线索引
            max_ix = min(max_ix, len(self.macd_data)-1)

        last_range = (min_ix,max_ix)    # 请求的最新范围   

        if last_range == (None,None):   # 当显示范围不变时
            if self.last_range in self._values_ranges:  
                # 如果y方向范围已经保存
                # 读取y方向范围
                result = self._values_ranges[self.last_range]
                # print("1:",self.last_range,result)
                return adjust_range(result)
            else:
                # 如果y方向范围没有保存
                # 从macd_data重新计算y方向范围
                min_ix,max_ix = 0,len(self.macd_data)-1

                macd_list = list(self.macd_data.values())[min_ix:max_ix + 1]
                ndarray = np.array(macd_list)           
                max_price = np.nanmax(ndarray)
                min_price = np.nanmin(ndarray)

                # 保存y方向范围，同时返回结果
                result = (min_price, max_price)
                self.last_range = (min_ix,max_ix)
                self._values_ranges[self.last_range] = result
                # print("2:",self.last_range,result)
                return adjust_range(result)

        """ 以下为显示范围变化时 """

        if last_range in self._values_ranges:
            # 该范围已经保存过y方向范围
            # 取得y方向范围，返回结果
            result = self._values_ranges[last_range]
            # print("3:",last_range,result)
            return adjust_range(result)

        # 该范围没有保存过y方向范围
        # 从macd_data重新计算y方向范围
        macd_list = list(self.macd_data.values())[min_ix:max_ix + 1]
        ndarray = np.array(macd_list) 
        max_price = np.nanmax(ndarray)
        min_price = np.nanmin(ndarray)

        # 取得y方向范围，返回结果
        result = (min_price, max_price)
        self.last_range = last_range
        self._values_ranges[self.last_range] = result
        # print("4:",self.last_range,result)
        return adjust_range(result)


    def get_info_text(self, ix: int) -> str:
        # """"""
        if ix in self.macd_data:
            diff,dea,macd = self.macd_data[ix]
            words = [
                f"diff {diff:.3f}"," ",
                f"dea {dea:.3f}"," ",
                f"macd {macd:.3f}"
                ]
            text = "\n".join(words)
        else:
            text = "diff - \ndea - \nmacd -"

        return text


class TradeItem(ScatterPlotItem,CandleItem): 
    """
    成交单绘图部件
    """
    def __init__(self, manager: BarManager):
        """"""
        ScatterPlotItem.__init__(self)
        # CandleItem.__init__(self,manager)
        # super(TradeItem,self).__init__(manager)
        super(CandleItem,self).__init__(manager)


        self.blue_pen: QtGui.QPen = pg.mkPen(color=(100, 100, 255), width=2)

        self.trades : Dict[int,Dict[str,TradeData]] = {} # {ix:{tradeid:trade}}

    def add_trades(self,trades:List[TradeData]):
        """ 增加成交单列表到TradeItem """
        for trade in trades:
            self.add_trade(trade)

        self.set_scatter_data()
        self.update()

    def add_trade(self,trade:TradeData,draw:bool=False):
        """ 增加一个成交单到TradeItem """
        # 这里使用reverse=True，是考虑到实盘成交往往发生在最新的bar里，可以加快搜索速度
        od = OrderedDict(sorted(self._manager._datetime_index_map.items(),key = lambda t:t[0],reverse=True))
        idx = self._manager.get_count() - 1
        for dt,ix in od.items():
            # print(f"dt={dt}\ntrade.datetime {trade.datetime}")
            dt1 = CHINA_TZ.localize(datetime.combine(dt.date(),dt.time()))
            if dt1 <= trade.datetime:
                # print(f"【dt={dt},dt1={dt1},dt2={trade.datetime} ix={ix}】")
                idx = ix
                break

        # 注意：一个bar期间可能发生多个成交单
        if idx in self.trades:
            self.trades[idx][trade.tradeid] = trade
        else:
            self.trades[idx] = {trade.tradeid:trade}

        if draw:        
            self.set_scatter_data()
            self.update()

        # print(f"add_trade idx={idx} trade={trade}")

    def set_scatter_data(self):
        """ 把成交单列表绘制到ScatterPlotItem上 """
        scatter_datas = []
        for ix in self.trades:
            for trade in self.trades[ix].values():
                scatter = {
                    "pos" : (ix, trade.price),
                    "data": 1,
                    "size": 14,
                    "pen": pg.mkPen((255, 255, 255)),
                }

                if trade.direction == Direction.LONG:
                    scatter_symbol = "t1"   # Up arrow
                else:
                    scatter_symbol = "t"    # Down arrow

                if trade.offset == Offset.OPEN:
                    scatter_brush = pg.mkBrush((255, 255, 0))   # Yellow
                else:
                    scatter_brush = pg.mkBrush((0, 0, 255))     # Blue

                scatter["symbol"] = scatter_symbol
                scatter["brush"] = scatter_brush
                scatter_datas.append(scatter)

        self.setData(scatter_datas)

    def get_info_text(self, ix: int) -> str:
        """"""
        if ix in self.trades:
            text = "成交："
            for tradeid,trade in self.trades[ix].items():
                # TradeData
                text += f"\n{trade.price}{trade.direction.value}{trade.offset.value}{trade.volume}手"
        else:
            text = "成交：-"

        return text


class OrderItem(ScatterPlotItem,CandleItem): 
    """
    委托单绘图部件
    """
    def __init__(self, manager: BarManager):
        """"""
        ScatterPlotItem.__init__(self)
        super(CandleItem,self).__init__(manager)

        self.orders : Dict[int,Dict[str,Order]] = {} # {ix:{orderid:order}}

    def add_orders(self,orders:List[OrderData]):
        """ 增加委托单列表到OrderItem """
        for order in orders:
            if order.datetime:
                self.add_order(order)

        self.set_scatter_data()
        self.update()

    def add_order(self,order:OrderData,draw:bool=False):
        """ 增加一个委托单到OrderItem """
        # 这里使用reverse=True，是考虑到实盘成交往往发生在最新的bar里，可以加快搜索速度

        od = OrderedDict(sorted(self._manager._datetime_index_map.items(),key = lambda t:t[0],reverse=True))
        idx = self._manager.get_count() - 1
        for dt,ix in od.items():
            # print(f"dt={dt}\ntrade.datetime {trade.datetime}")
            dt1 = CHINA_TZ.localize(datetime.combine(dt.date(),dt.time()))
            if dt1 <= order.datetime:
                # print(f"【dt={dt},dt1={dt1},dt2={order.datetime} ix={ix}】")
                idx = ix
                break

        # 注意：一个bar期间可能发生多个委托单
        if idx in self.orders:
            self.orders[idx][order.orderid] = order
        else:
            self.orders[idx] = {order.orderid:order}

        if draw:
            self.set_scatter_data()
            self.update()

    def set_scatter_data(self):
        """ 把委托单列表绘制到ScatterPlotItem上 """
        scatter_datas = []
        for ix in self.orders:
            lowest,highest=self.get_y_range()
            # print(f"range={lowest,highest}")
            for order in self.orders[ix].values():
                # 处理委托报价超出显示范围的问题
                if order.price>highest:
                    show_price = highest - 7
                elif order.price<lowest:
                    show_price = lowest + 7
                else:
                    show_price = order.price 

                scatter = {
                    "pos" : (ix, show_price),
                    "data": 1,
                    "size": 14,
                    "pen": pg.mkPen((255, 255, 255)),
                }

                if order.direction == Direction.LONG:
                    scatter_symbol = "t1"   # Up arrow
                else:
                    scatter_symbol = "t"    # Down arrow

                if order.offset == Offset.OPEN:
                    scatter_brush = pg.mkBrush((0, 128, 128))   # Yellow
                else:
                    scatter_brush = pg.mkBrush((128, 128, 0))     # Blue

                scatter["symbol"] = scatter_symbol
                scatter["brush"] = scatter_brush
                scatter_datas.append(scatter)

        self.setData(scatter_datas)

    def get_info_text(self, ix: int) -> str:
        """"""
        if ix in self.orders:
            text = "委托："
            for orderid,order in self.orders[ix].items():
                # OrderData
                text += f"\n{order.price}{order.direction.value}{order.offset.value}{order.volume}手"
        else:
            text = "委托：-"


        return text

2. 修改vnpy\chart\widget.py

为ChartWidget类增加下面的函数：

    def get_item(self,item_name:str):   # hxxjava add
        """
        Get chart item by item's name.
        """
        return self._items.get(item_name,None)

3. K线图表——各绘图部件使用方法演示

保存文件：vnpy\usertools\kx_chart.py

from datetime import datetime
from typing import List, Tuple, Dict

import numpy as np
import pyqtgraph as pg
import talib
import copy

from vnpy.trader.ui import create_qapp, QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets
from vnpy.trader.database import database_manager
from vnpy.trader.constant import Exchange, Interval
from vnpy.trader.object import BarData

from vnpy.chart import ChartWidget, VolumeItem, CandleItem
from vnpy.chart.item import ChartItem
from vnpy.chart.manager import BarManager
from vnpy.chart.base import NORMAL_FONT

from vnpy.trader.engine import MainEngine
from vnpy.event import Event, EventEngine

from vnpy.trader.event import (
    EVENT_TICK,
    EVENT_TRADE,
    EVENT_ORDER,
    EVENT_POSITION,
    EVENT_ACCOUNT,
    EVENT_LOG
)

from vnpy.app.cta_strategy.base import (   
    EVENT_CTA_TICK,     
    EVENT_CTA_BAR,      
    EVENT_CTA_ORDER,    
    EVENT_CTA_TRADE,     
    EVENT_CTA_HISTORY_BAR
)

from vnpy.trader.object import (
    Direction, 
    Exchange, 
    Interval, 
    Offset, 
    Status, 
    Product, 
    OptionType, 
    OrderType,
    OrderData,
    TradeData,
)

from vnpy.usertools.chart_items import (
    LineItem,
    RsiItem,
    SmaItem,
    MacdItem,
    TradeItem,
    OrderItem,
)


class NewChartWidget(ChartWidget):
    """ 
    基于ChartWidget的K线图表 
    """
    MIN_BAR_COUNT = 100

    signal_cta_history_bar:QtCore.pyqtSignal = QtCore.pyqtSignal(Event)
    signal_cta_tick: QtCore.pyqtSignal = QtCore.pyqtSignal(Event)
    signal_cta_bar:QtCore.pyqtSignal = QtCore.pyqtSignal(Event)

    def __init__(self, parent: QtWidgets.QWidget = None,event_engine: EventEngine = None,strategy_name:str=""):
        """ 初始化 """
        super().__init__(parent)
        self.strategy_name = strategy_name
        self.event_engine = event_engine

        # 创建K线主图及多个绘图部件
        self.add_plot("candle", hide_x_axis=True)
        self.add_item(CandleItem, "candle", "candle")
        self.add_item(LineItem, "line", "candle")
        self.add_item(SmaItem, "sma", "candle")
        self.add_item(OrderItem, "order", "candle")
        self.add_item(TradeItem, "trade", "candle")

        # 创建成交量附图及绘图部件
        self.add_plot("volume", maximum_height=150)
        self.add_item(VolumeItem, "volume", "volume")

        # 创建RSI附图及绘图部件
        self.add_plot("rsi", maximum_height=150)
        self.add_item(RsiItem, "rsi", "rsi")

        # 创建MACD附图及绘图部件
        self.add_plot("macd", maximum_height=150)
        self.add_item(MacdItem, "macd", "macd")

        # 创建最新价格线、光标
        self.add_last_price_line()
        self.add_cursor()
        self.setWindowTitle(f"K线图表——{symbol}.{exchange.value},{interval},{start}-{end}")

        # 委托单列表
        self.orders:List[str,OrderData] = {}
        # 成交单列表
        self.trades:List[str,TradeData] = {}

        # self.register_event()
        # self.event_engine.start()

    def register_event(self) -> None:
        """"""
        self.signal_cta_history_bar.connect(self.process_cta_history_bar)
        self.event_engine.register(EVENT_CTA_HISTORY_BAR, self.signal_cta_history_bar.emit)

        self.signal_cta_tick.connect(self.process_tick_event)
        self.event_engine.register(EVENT_CTA_TICK, self.signal_cta_tick.emit)

        self.signal_cta_bar.connect(self.process_cta_bar)
        self.event_engine.register(EVENT_CTA_BAR, self.signal_cta_bar.emit)

    def process_cta_history_bar(self, event:Event) -> None:
        """ 处理历史K线推送 """
        strategy_name,history_bars = event.data
        if strategy_name == self.strategy_name:
            self.update_history(history_bars)

            # print(f" {strategy_name} got an EVENT_CTA_HISTORY_BAR")

    def process_tick_event(self, event: Event) -> None:
        """ 处理tick数据推送 """
        strategy_name,tick = event.data
        if strategy_name == self.strategy_name:
            if self.last_price_line:
                self.last_price_line.setValue(tick.last_price)
            #print(f" {strategy_name} got an EVENT_CTA_TICK")

    def process_cta_bar(self, event:Event)-> None:
        """ 处理K线数据推送 """

        strategy_name,bar = event.data
        if strategy_name == self.strategy_name:
            self.update_bar(bar)
            # print(f"{strategy_name} got an EVENT_CTA_BAR")

    def add_last_price_line(self):
        """"""
        plot = list(self._plots.values())[0]
        color = (255, 255, 255)

        self.last_price_line = pg.InfiniteLine(
            angle=0,
            movable=False,
            label="{value:.1f}",
            pen=pg.mkPen(color, width=1),
            labelOpts={
                "color": color,
                "position": 1,
                "anchors": [(1, 1), (1, 1)]
            }
        )
        self.last_price_line.label.setFont(NORMAL_FONT)
        plot.addItem(self.last_price_line)

    def update_history(self, history: List[BarData]) -> None:
        """
        Update a list of bar data.
        """
        self._manager.update_history(history)

        for item in self._items.values():
            item.update_history(history)

        self._update_plot_limits()

        self.move_to_right()

        self.update_last_price_line(history[-1])

    def update_bar(self, bar: BarData) -> None:
        """
        Update single bar data.
        """
        self._manager.update_bar(bar)

        for item in self._items.values():
            item.update_bar(bar)

        self._update_plot_limits()

        if self._right_ix >= (self._manager.get_count() - self._bar_count / 2):
            self.move_to_right()

        self.update_last_price_line(bar)

    def update_last_price_line(self, bar: BarData) -> None:
        """"""
        if self.last_price_line:
            self.last_price_line.setValue(bar.close_price)

    def add_orders(self,orders:List[OrderData]) -> None:
        """ 
        增加委托单列表到委托单绘图部件 
        """
        for order in orders:
            self.orders[order.orderid] = order

        order_item : OrderItem = self.get_item('order')
        if order_item:
            order_item.add_orders(self.orders.values())

    def add_trades(self,trades:List[TradeData]) -> None:
        """ 
        增加成交单列表到委托单绘图部件 
        """
        for trade in trades:
            self.trades[trade.tradeid] = trade

        trade_item : TradeItem = self.get_item('trade')
        if trade_item:
            trade_item.add_trades(self.trades.values())



################################################################
# 以下为测试代码
if __name__ == "__main__":
    def make_trades():
        import pytz
        CHINA_TZ = pytz.timezone("Asia/Shanghai")
        from vnpy.trader.object import Direction, Exchange, Interval, Offset, Status, Product, OptionType, OrderType,TradeData
        trades = [
            TradeData(gateway_name='CTP', symbol='ag2012', exchange=Exchange.SHFE, orderid='3_753490688_1', tradeid='         455', direction=Direction.LONG, offset=Offset.OPEN, price=6131.0, volume=3, datetime=CHINA_TZ.localize(datetime(2020, 8, 13, 21, 0, 1))),
            TradeData(gateway_name='CTP', symbol='ag2012', exchange=Exchange.SHFE, orderid='3_753490688_2', tradeid='       12738', direction=Direction.LONG, offset=Offset.OPEN, price=6142.0, volume=3, datetime=CHINA_TZ.localize(datetime(2020, 8, 13, 21, 14, 46))),
            TradeData(gateway_name='CTP', symbol='ag2012', exchange=Exchange.SHFE, orderid='3_753490688_3', tradeid='       16233', direction=Direction.LONG, offset=Offset.OPEN, price=6158.0, volume=3, datetime=CHINA_TZ.localize(datetime(2020, 8, 13, 21, 21, 59))),
            TradeData(gateway_name='CTP', symbol='ag2012', exchange=Exchange.SHFE, orderid='3_753490688_4', tradeid='       22815', direction=Direction.LONG, offset=Offset.OPEN, price=6180.0, volume=3, datetime=CHINA_TZ.localize(datetime(2020, 8, 13, 21, 39, 53))),
            TradeData(gateway_name='CTP', symbol='ag2012', exchange=Exchange.SHFE, orderid='3_1962356227_1', tradeid='       67570', direction=Direction.SHORT, offset=Offset.CLOSEYESTERDAY, price=6400.0, volume=12, datetime=CHINA_TZ.localize(datetime(2020, 8, 14, 1, 44,35))),
        ]
        return trades

    def make_orders():
        import pytz
        CHINA_TZ = pytz.timezone("Asia/Shanghai")

        orders = [
            OrderData(gateway_name='CTP', symbol='ag2012', exchange=Exchange.SHFE, orderid='3_753490688_1', type=OrderType.LIMIT, direction=Direction.LONG, offset=Offset.OPEN, price=6494.0, volume=3.0, traded=0, status=Status.SUBMITTING, datetime=None, reference='TTS-ag2012'),
            OrderData(gateway_name='CTP', symbol='ag2012', exchange=Exchange.SHFE, orderid='3_753490688_1', type=OrderType.LIMIT, direction=Direction.LONG, offset=Offset.OPEN, price=6494.0, volume=3, traded=0, status=Status.SUBMITTING, datetime=CHINA_TZ.localize(datetime(2020, 8, 13, 21, 0, 1)), reference=''),
            OrderData(gateway_name='CTP', symbol='ag2012', exchange=Exchange.SHFE, orderid='3_753490688_1', type=OrderType.LIMIT, direction=Direction.LONG, offset=Offset.OPEN, price=6494.0, volume=3, traded=0, status=Status.SUBMITTING, datetime=CHINA_TZ.localize(datetime(2020, 8, 13, 21, 0, 1)), reference=''),
            OrderData(gateway_name='CTP', symbol='ag2012', exchange=Exchange.SHFE, orderid='3_753490688_1', type=OrderType.LIMIT, direction=Direction.LONG, offset=Offset.OPEN, price=6494.0, volume=3, traded=3, status=Status.ALLTRADED, datetime=CHINA_TZ.localize(datetime(2020, 8, 13, 21, 0, 1)), reference=''),

            OrderData(gateway_name='CTP', symbol='ag2012', exchange=Exchange.SHFE, orderid='3_753490688_2', type=OrderType.LIMIT, direction=Direction.LONG, offset=Offset.OPEN, price=6494.0, volume=3.0, traded=0, status=Status.SUBMITTING, datetime=None, reference='TTS-ag2012'),
            OrderData(gateway_name='CTP', symbol='ag2012', exchange=Exchange.SHFE, orderid='3_753490688_2', type=OrderType.LIMIT, direction=Direction.LONG, offset=Offset.OPEN, price=6494.0, volume=3, traded=0, status=Status.SUBMITTING, datetime=CHINA_TZ.localize(datetime(2020, 8, 13, 21, 14, 46)), reference=''),
            OrderData(gateway_name='CTP', symbol='ag2012', exchange=Exchange.SHFE, orderid='3_753490688_2', type=OrderType.LIMIT, direction=Direction.LONG, offset=Offset.OPEN, price=6494.0, volume=3, traded=0, status=Status.SUBMITTING, datetime=CHINA_TZ.localize(datetime(2020, 8, 13, 21, 14, 46)), reference=''),
            OrderData(gateway_name='CTP', symbol='ag2012', exchange=Exchange.SHFE, orderid='3_753490688_2', type=OrderType.LIMIT, direction=Direction.LONG, offset=Offset.OPEN, price=6494.0, volume=3, traded=3, status=Status.ALLTRADED, datetime=CHINA_TZ.localize(datetime(2020, 8, 13, 21, 14, 46)), reference=''),

            OrderData(gateway_name='CTP', symbol='ag2012', exchange=Exchange.SHFE, orderid='3_753490688_3', type=OrderType.LIMIT, direction=Direction.LONG, offset=Offset.OPEN, price=6494.0, volume=3.0, traded=0, status=Status.SUBMITTING, datetime=None, reference='TTS-ag2012'),
            OrderData(gateway_name='CTP', symbol='ag2012', exchange=Exchange.SHFE, orderid='3_753490688_3', type=OrderType.LIMIT, direction=Direction.LONG, offset=Offset.OPEN, price=6494.0, volume=3, traded=0, status=Status.SUBMITTING, datetime=CHINA_TZ.localize(datetime(2020, 8, 13, 21, 21, 59)), reference=''),
            OrderData(gateway_name='CTP', symbol='ag2012', exchange=Exchange.SHFE, orderid='3_753490688_3', type=OrderType.LIMIT, direction=Direction.LONG, offset=Offset.OPEN, price=6494.0, volume=3, traded=0, status=Status.SUBMITTING, datetime=CHINA_TZ.localize(datetime(2020, 8, 13, 21, 21, 59)), reference=''),
            OrderData(gateway_name='CTP', symbol='ag2012', exchange=Exchange.SHFE, orderid='3_753490688_3', type=OrderType.LIMIT, direction=Direction.LONG, offset=Offset.OPEN, price=6494.0, volume=3, traded=3, status=Status.ALLTRADED, datetime=CHINA_TZ.localize(datetime(2020, 8, 13, 21, 21, 59)), reference=''),

            OrderData(gateway_name='CTP', symbol='ag2012', exchange=Exchange.SHFE, orderid='3_753490688_4', type=OrderType.LIMIT, direction=Direction.LONG, offset=Offset.OPEN, price=6494.0, volume=3.0, traded=0, status=Status.SUBMITTING, datetime=None, reference='TTS-ag2012'),
            OrderData(gateway_name='CTP', symbol='ag2012', exchange=Exchange.SHFE, orderid='3_753490688_4', type=OrderType.LIMIT, direction=Direction.LONG, offset=Offset.OPEN, price=6494.0, volume=3, traded=0, status=Status.SUBMITTING, datetime=CHINA_TZ.localize(datetime(2020, 8, 13, 21, 39, 53)), reference=''),
            OrderData(gateway_name='CTP', symbol='ag2012', exchange=Exchange.SHFE, orderid='3_753490688_4', type=OrderType.LIMIT, direction=Direction.LONG, offset=Offset.OPEN, price=6494.0, volume=3, traded=0, status=Status.SUBMITTING, datetime=CHINA_TZ.localize(datetime(2020, 8, 13, 21, 39, 53)), reference=''),
            OrderData(gateway_name='CTP', symbol='ag2012', exchange=Exchange.SHFE, orderid='3_753490688_4', type=OrderType.LIMIT, direction=Direction.LONG, offset=Offset.OPEN, price=6494.0, volume=3, traded=3, status=Status.ALLTRADED, datetime=CHINA_TZ.localize(datetime(2020, 8, 13, 21, 39, 53)), reference=''),

            OrderData(gateway_name='CTP', symbol='ag2012', exchange=Exchange.SHFE, orderid='3_1962356227_1', type=OrderType.LIMIT, direction=Direction.SHORT, offset=Offset.CLOSEYESTERDAY, price=5870.0, volume=12.0, traded=0, status=Status.SUBMITTING, datetime=None, reference='TTS-ag2012'),
            OrderData(gateway_name='CTP', symbol='ag2012', exchange=Exchange.SHFE, orderid='3_1962356227_1', type=OrderType.LIMIT, direction=Direction.SHORT, offset=Offset.CLOSEYESTERDAY, price=5870.0, volume=12, traded=0, status=Status.SUBMITTING, datetime=CHINA_TZ.localize(datetime(2020, 8, 14, 1, 44,20)), reference=''),
            OrderData(gateway_name='CTP', symbol='ag2012', exchange=Exchange.SHFE, orderid='3_1962356227_1', type=OrderType.LIMIT, direction=Direction.SHORT, offset=Offset.CLOSEYESTERDAY, price=5870.0, volume=12, traded=0, status=Status.SUBMITTING, datetime=CHINA_TZ.localize(datetime(2020, 8, 14, 1, 44,25)), reference=''),
            OrderData(gateway_name='CTP', symbol='ag2012', exchange=Exchange.SHFE, orderid='3_1962356227_1', type=OrderType.LIMIT, direction=Direction.SHORT, offset=Offset.CLOSEYESTERDAY, price=5870.0, volume=12, traded=12, status=Status.ALLTRADED, datetime=CHINA_TZ.localize(datetime(2020, 8, 14, 1, 44,35)), reference=''),
        ]

        return orders


    # 开始测试代码
    app = create_qapp()

    symbol = "ag2012"
    exchange = Exchange.SHFE
    interval=Interval.MINUTE
    start=datetime(2020, 8, 13)
    end=datetime(2020, 8, 15)    

    dynamic = False  # 是否动态演示
    n = 1000          # 缓冲K线根数

    bars = database_manager.load_bar_data(
        symbol=symbol,
        exchange=exchange,
        interval=interval,
        start=start,
        end=end
    )

    print(f"一共读取{len(bars)}根K线")

    event_engine = EventEngine()

    widget = NewChartWidget(event_engine = event_engine)

    if dynamic:
        history = bars[:n]      # 先取得最早的n根bar作为历史
        new_data = bars[n:]     # 其它留着演示
    else:
        history = bars          # 先取得最新的n根bar作为历史
        new_data = []           # 演示的为空

    # 绘制历史K线主图及各个副图
    widget.update_history(history)

    # 绘制委托单到主图
    orders = make_orders()
    widget.add_orders(orders)

    # 绘制成交单到主图
    trades = make_trades()
    widget.add_trades(trades)

    def update_bar():
        if new_data:
            bar = new_data.pop(0)
            widget.update_bar(bar)

    timer = QtCore.QTimer()
    timer.timeout.connect(update_bar)
    if dynamic:
        timer.start(100)

    widget.show()

    event_engine.start()
    app.exec_()

4. 测试效果

kx_chart.py中自动测试代码，直接用VSCode打开就可以运行。

4.1 测试准备

在vnpy中使用数据管理模块，从米筐下载ag2012.SHFE的1分钟历史数据，必须包含8月13日~8月15日。

4.2 测试结果如下

无意中发现盈透接口是提供了下载五分钟，三十分分钟线历史数据的功能的。放着不用就可惜了。
于是开始修改。

我只下载十天的数据，够用就行，免得数据多了下载太慢。

在这里加入5分钟，30分钟的数据定义。这里最后要作为参数传递给函数。

在这里继续修改

然后这里下载可以看见5分钟三十分钟的选择了。

下载的数据保存在数据库的日线分类中，我也不知道为什么，反正能用了。

然后使用下面代码

from datetime import datetime
import numpy as np
from typing import List, Tuple, Dict

from vnpy.trader.ui import create_qapp, QtCore
from vnpy.trader.constant import Exchange, Interval
from vnpy.trader.database import database_manager
from vnpy.chart import ChartWidget, VolumeItem, CandleItem
import pyqtgraph as pg
import talib

from vnpy.trader.ui import create_qapp, QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets
from vnpy.trader.object import BarData
from vnpy.chart.item import ChartItem
from vnpy.chart.manager import BarManager
from vnpy.chart.base import NORMAL_FONT



class SmaItem(CandleItem):
    """"""

    def __init__(self, manager: BarManager):
        """"""
        super().__init__(manager)

        self.blue_pen: QtGui.QPen = pg.mkPen(color=(100, 100, 255), width=2)

        self.sma_window = 10
        self.sma_data: Dict[int, float] = {}

    def get_sma_value(self, ix: int) -> float:
        """"""
        if ix < 0:
            return 0

        # When initialize, calculate all rsi value
        if not self.sma_data:
            bars = self._manager.get_all_bars()
            close_data = [bar.close_price for bar in bars]
            sma_array = talib.SMA(np.array(close_data), self.sma_window)

            for n, value in enumerate(sma_array):
                self.sma_data[n] = value

        # Return if already calcualted
        if ix in self.sma_data:
            return self.sma_data[ix]

        # Else calculate new value
        close_data = []
        for n in range(ix - self.sma_window, ix + 1):
            bar = self._manager.get_bar(n)
            close_data.append(bar.close_price)

        sma_array = talib.SMA(np.array(close_data), self.sma_window)
        sma_value = sma_array[-1]
        self.sma_data[ix] = sma_value

        return sma_value

    def _draw_bar_picture(self, ix: int, bar: BarData) -> QtGui.QPicture:
        """"""
        sma_value = self.get_sma_value(ix)
        last_sma_value = self.get_sma_value(ix - 1)

        # Create objects
        picture = QtGui.QPicture()
        painter = QtGui.QPainter(picture)

        # Set painter color
        painter.setPen(self.blue_pen)

        # Draw Line
        start_point = QtCore.QPointF(ix-1, last_sma_value)
        end_point = QtCore.QPointF(ix, sma_value)
        painter.drawLine(start_point, end_point)

        # Finish
        painter.end()
        return picture

    def get_info_text(self, ix: int) -> str:
        """"""
        if ix in self.sma_data:
            sma_value = self.sma_data[ix]
            text = f"SMA {sma_value:.1f}"
        else:
            text = "SMA -"

        return text





if __name__ == "__main__":
    app = create_qapp()

    symbol = "CL-20210322-USD-FUT"
    exchange = Exchange.NYMEX
    interval = Interval.MINUTE_5
    start = datetime(2021, 3, 1)
    end = datetime(2021, 3, 16)

    bars = database_manager.load_bar_data(
        symbol=symbol,
        exchange=exchange,
        interval=interval,
        start=start,
        end=end
    )



    widget = ChartWidget()
    widget.add_plot("candle", hide_x_axis=True)
    widget.add_plot("volume", maximum_height=250)
    widget.add_item(CandleItem, "candle", "candle")

    widget.add_item(SmaItem, "SmaItem", "candle")
    widget.add_item(VolumeItem, "volume", "volume")
    widget.add_cursor()

    history = bars
    widget.update_history(history)

    def update_bar():
        bar = new_data.pop(0)
        widget.update_bar(bar)

    timer = QtCore.QTimer()
    timer.timeout.connect(update_bar)

    widget.show()
    app.exec_()

可以看见下载的数据了。

其中，

这个参数是自己前面定义的。

大概就是这么个，下一步的任务是把自己编写的指标能显示出来

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CTA策略的交易活动包含哪些？

CTA策略的交易活动可以使用下面这些来描述：

• 策略被接受的停止单（如果使用了停止单）；
• 策略被接受的委托单；
• 策略收到的成交单；
• 策略的合约持仓；
• 策略的权益统计。

CTA策略的交易活动的呈现形式

• 委托单以粉色的实心上箭头（买开）和空心下箭头（卖平）标识，蓝色的实心下箭头（卖开）和空心上箭头（买平）来标识，标注在发生K线的接受时刻。因为停止单实际上是转化为合约当时的涨停价或跌停价的委托单，所以停止单也是以限价委托单的形式来标注的；
• 成交单以红色的实心上箭头（买开）和空心下箭头（卖平）标识，绿色的实心下箭头（卖开）和空心上箭头（买平）来标识，标注在发生K线的接受时刻；
• 策略持仓以标题变量的方式显示在主题的标题栏中，随光标所在K线的变化而变化。包含：多头累积持仓，空头持仓，以及在当根K线时浮动盈亏，冻结仓位等信息；
• 策略的权益统计也是以标题变量的方式显示在主题的标题栏中,随光标所在K线的变化而变化。包含策略自创建以来的权益变化信息。
• 所有在主图标题栏中的显示信息，可以在策略中配置的，以便只显示你感兴趣的标题项。

几个概念：

• 一次完整交易：策略的持仓从零开始到非零，再从非零仓位变成零仓位的过程。
• 策略权益：初始分配资金+各次已完成交易的盈亏+未完成交易的浮动盈亏。
• 策略账户：每个策略实例对应一个策略账户。策略账户中包含为策略分配的初始资金、历史委托单、历史成交单、历史持仓。利用这些信息，策略账户可以提供策略账户的当前权益，策略账户可用资金。

需要完成的工作

• 实现一个策略交易监视器。它是一个rpc_server，具有按策略实例名称的方式对策略的委托单、成交单、持仓进行记录、查询、持仓统计的功能。可以在本地运行，也可以单独运行在远程。
• 实现一个包含rpc_client的cta_template的扩展模版。它可以为其派生的用户策略提供下面的功能：
  1）策略初始化时创建K线图表窗口
  2）可以为用户策略提供K线主图指标、附图指标
  3）策略运行时，把on_order()、on_trade()收到的OrderData,TradeData等数据保存到策略交易监视器；
  4）把on_order()、on_trade()收到的OrderData,TradeData等数据推送到K线图表
• 实现一个包含从ChartWidget派生类的K线图表
  1）它的主图和附图是用户策略配置的
  2）配置的主图包含一个K线主图，一个可以显示历史交易的交易主图

2021年7月26日，国泰君安期货和韦纳软件科技达成战略合作。国泰君安期货和韦纳软件科技两家公司在各自的领域都处于领跑的位置，此次的战略合作，国泰君安期货将为vn.py量化交易平台的客户提供更优质的服务和更丰富的资源，使得量化客户的体验更上一个新的台阶。

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2. 内置仿真测试。内置仿真测试环境，与实盘环境无缝切换；
3. 国泰君安期货客户专属的vn.py量化答疑交流群，遇到问题第一时间找到小助手快速解决；
4. 定期举办的期货量化实战线下分享活动，覆盖从策略开发回测、智能参数优化到算法交易执行的量化业务全环节；

最后也是最重要的：

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更多VNPY问题欢迎入群交流。

用python编写指标和以往熟悉的文华，博弈大师等有很大的区别，你写的代码最终在图形上是什么样子，看一看才能心安。

于是有了下面这段代码：

from datetime import datetime
from typing import  Dict
from vnpy.trader.constant import Exchange, Interval
from vnpy.trader.database import database_manager
from vnpy.app.cta_strategy import ArrayManager
from vnpy.chart import ChartWidget, VolumeItem, CandleItem
import pyqtgraph as pg
from vnpy.trader.ui import create_qapp, QtCore, QtGui
from vnpy.trader.object import BarData
from vnpy.chart.manager import BarManager


class ZB(CandleItem):
    """自定义指标显示"""

    def __init__(self, manager: BarManager):
        """"""
        super().__init__(manager)

        self.blue_pen: QtGui.QPen = pg.mkPen(color=(100, 100, 255), width=2)
        self.sma_data: Dict[int, float] = {}

    def get_sma_value(self, ix: int) -> float:
        """"""
        if ix < 0:
            return 0

        if not self.sma_data:
            bars = self._manager.get_all_bars()
            sma_array = [bar.down_line for bar in bars]

            for n, value in enumerate(sma_array):
                self.sma_data[n] = value

        if ix in self.sma_data:
            return self.sma_data[ix]

        sma_value = sma_array[-1]

        return sma_value

    def _draw_bar_picture(self, ix: int, bar: BarData) -> QtGui.QPicture:
        """"""
        sma_value = self.get_sma_value(ix)
        last_sma_value = self.get_sma_value(ix - 1)

        # Create objects
        picture = QtGui.QPicture()
        painter = QtGui.QPainter(picture)

        # Set painter color
        painter.setPen(self.blue_pen)

        # Draw Line
        start_point = QtCore.QPointF(ix-1, last_sma_value)
        end_point = QtCore.QPointF(ix, sma_value)
        painter.drawLine(start_point, end_point)

        # Finish
        painter.end()
        return picture

    def get_info_text(self, ix: int) -> str:
        """"""
        if ix in self.sma_data:
            sma_value = self.sma_data[ix]
            text = f"ZB {sma_value:.2f}"
        else:
            text = "ZB -"

        return text

class ZB2(CandleItem):
    """自定义指标显示"""

    def __init__(self, manager: BarManager):
        """"""
        super().__init__(manager)

        self.blue_pen: QtGui.QPen = pg.mkPen(color=(100, 100, 255), width=2)
        self.sma_data: Dict[int, float] = {}

    def get_sma_value(self, ix: int) -> float:
        """"""
        if ix < 0:
            return 0

        if not self.sma_data:
            bars = self._manager.get_all_bars()
            sma_array = [bar.up_line for bar in bars]

            for n, value in enumerate(sma_array):
                self.sma_data[n] = value

        if ix in self.sma_data:
            return self.sma_data[ix]

        sma_value = sma_array[-1]

        return sma_value

    def _draw_bar_picture(self, ix: int, bar: BarData) -> QtGui.QPicture:
        """"""
        sma_value = self.get_sma_value(ix)
        last_sma_value = self.get_sma_value(ix - 1)

        # Create objects
        picture = QtGui.QPicture()
        painter = QtGui.QPainter(picture)

        # Set painter color
        painter.setPen(self.blue_pen)

        # Draw Line
        start_point = QtCore.QPointF(ix-1, last_sma_value)
        end_point = QtCore.QPointF(ix, sma_value)
        painter.drawLine(start_point, end_point)

        # Finish
        painter.end()
        return picture

    def get_info_text(self, ix: int) -> str:
        """"""
        if ix in self.sma_data:
            sma_value = self.sma_data[ix]
            text = f"ZB {sma_value:.2f}"
        else:
            text = "ZB -"

        return text


if __name__ == "__main__":
    app = create_qapp()

    symbol = "CL-20210322-USD-FUT"
    exchange = Exchange.NYMEX
    interval = Interval.MINUTE_30
    start = datetime(2021, 1, 1)
    end = datetime(2022, 1, 1)

    bars = database_manager.load_bar_data(
        symbol=symbol,
        exchange=exchange,
        interval=interval,
        start=start,
        end=end
    )

    am = ArrayManager(50)
    new_data = bars[:]
    line_up = []
    line_down = []

    while new_data :
        bar = new_data.pop(0)
        am.update_bar(bar)
        up, down = am.boll(20,2)
        line_up.append(up)
        line_down.append(down)   #这里调用合适的公式就好了

    print("K线数量是", len(bars), "指标数据是", len(line_up))

    i = 0
    while line_down :
        bars[i].down_line = line_down.pop(0)
        bars[i].up_line = line_up.pop(0)
        i = i + 1
    print("共处理了", i, "数据")

    widget = ChartWidget()
    widget.add_plot("candle", hide_x_axis=True)
    widget.add_plot("volume", maximum_height=250)
    widget.add_item(CandleItem, "candle", "candle")
    widget.add_item(VolumeItem, "volume", "volume")

    widget.add_item(ZB, "ZB", "candle")
    widget.add_item(ZB2, "ZB2", "candle")
    widget.add_cursor()

    history = bars
    widget.update_history(history)

    def update_bar():
        bar = new_data.pop(0)
        widget.update_bar(bar)

    timer = QtCore.QTimer()
    timer.timeout.connect(update_bar)

    widget.show()
    app.exec_()

因为我使用的盈透可以随时下载各种周期的历史数据，所以我只要下载然后存在数据库中。直接用代码读取就可以看见最新的k线。
如果你需要下载盈透的数据，可以参考我的上一个帖子。
https://www.vnpy.com/forum/topic/6123-ying-tou-jie-kou-xia-zai-5fen-zhong-xian-bing-xian-shi-tu-biao?page=1#pid21676

其他的接口我不熟。

2019年写了《vn.py 2.0.7源代码深入分析》，感谢各位老师的认可。
vn.py的维护团队是一个非常有朝气的团队，版本更新很快，3月底发布了最新的2.2.0版。
使用vn.py做交易，因为需要做一些自己的定制，所以并不是每个版本都随着更新，前面使用的是2.1.4。
但vn.py的每个新版本我都会关注，并不断更新文档。vn.py从2.1.9开始对基本功能（主要是数据管理部分）做了比较大的优化，我认为2.2.0应该是比较稳定好用的版本，准备将日常使用的系统升级到2.2.0。3月26日终于等到了2.2.0版，立刻开始分析代码并完善文档，这几天夜以继日，终于形成了这个文档，发出来请各位老师批评指正。

《10-vn.py 2.2.0源代码深入分析》
百度网盘链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1X3WNoE27RKJgxx6leC5X0g
提取码：6vl3

发布于vn.py社区公众号【vnpy-community】
 
原文作者：用Python的交易员 | 发布时间：2021-01-09
 
基于《30天解锁Python量化开发》的课程内容，我们制作了这张【知识要点图】：

• 对于已经购买课程的学员，可以更好的把课程中学到的内容要点，构建成为自己的Python量化开发知识体系；
• 对于目前还在自学的用户，可以有一套方向清晰的入门路径图，顺着循序渐进的目标一步一个脚印的学习前进。

看完对课程感兴趣的话，请戳【课程传送门】。
 

最后，vn.py进驻【Gitee】（简单来说就是中国版的Github）差不多已经一个月的时间了，目前已经收获了218个Star和73个Fork，同时也拿到了【GVP】（Gitee最有价值开源项目）。

看来对于许多我们的用户，访问Github速度太慢真心是个需求痛点啊，好在现在有了一个更好的国内替代选择。同时也发现Fork/Star比例超过Github，可能因为同步方便所以更多人愿意尝试自己扩展开发？

最后再贴下仓库地址：https://gitee.com/vnpy/vnpy 。该Gitee仓库会每日和Github仓库同步，自动更新最新版本的代码，欢迎大家Star和Fork！
 

之前说从CTA趋势转日内交易，做了些价差交易策略，也实盘跑了下。结果不太理想，没这么赚钱；总结一句话，交易费用和payup 超价吃掉大部分收益，使得虽然每笔交易看看有收益，实际并不怎么样。

虽然现在不用价差交易策略，不过还是简单介绍下吧，不涉及细节代码，就是简单介绍下。

VNPY价差交易的简单逻辑
价差交易原理很简单，就是一对或者一组品种其之间价格有一定关联度，这个可以跑通过计算协方差Covariance矩阵来量化验证，这个中可能有正向或者反向，甚至多个组合的。

当价格差大于或者小于一个阈值的时候，比如价格差的历史波动率的3倍；可以假设是异常，应该会回归均值，此时可以按照反向做一个组合买卖，等回归均值时候，再平仓获利。

所以，vnpy价差交易的步骤也是，定义价差组合，定义买卖价差方法，就是如果买价差组合时候，是买入A卖出B，还是如何；最后定义什么时候买卖组合，就是价差交易策略。这些搞清楚，也就是清楚了。

价差交易的类
不同于CTA策略，价差交易还有些专用的类，这里介绍下。

SpreadData， 这个就是前面说的价格组，或者叫价差组；就是多个不同品种组合，其实可以理解为就是一个新的品种，组合出来的品种；按照你定义计算公式计算出价格，卖出价ask和卖出量，还有买入量和买入价格；还可以组合出tick信息，这些tick信息设置可以组合出bar，反正你当作一个新的品种处理。

另外SpreadData还包括交易后的成交价格，和持有手数等，这些都是组合自己计算的。

这里要注意的是min_volume，可以理解为螺纹钢的10吨一手，这个也是组合的数量最小计量。如果为2的，主动腿买了2个单位，对于价差组就是2/2 = 1 手。

LegData，价差组就是多个品种的组合，这里用leg来代表一个品种，做过SWAP互换的应该很好理解。这里LegData对应就是真的品种。

SpreadAlgo：价差算法，这个不是太直观；因为买入或者卖出一个组合，实际上是按照这个组合下的品种组合或，买入一些或者一个品种，卖出一些品种。那么价差算法，就是录入一个这样买卖指令。

这里就有个主动腿和超价的概念，打个比如组合是（rb2110 - rb2021），如果价差在50以上时候，认为应该太大应该缩小。价差算法就是价差在50的时候，卖出价格组合，算法就会分解为应该卖出short螺纹钢rb2110，买入buy螺纹钢rb2021。那么因为螺纹钢rb2021非主力合约，成交不活跃，应该先交易螺纹钢rb2021，交易成交后，在按照卖出螺纹钢rb2021的价格，加上50，卖出rb2110，但是此时可能价格变动，为了成交，在卖出价格余量（payup）来加以螺纹钢rb2021。

这里还有一个组合买卖价格差，就是ask和bid的差距，不同单一品种的1个价位差，组合可能是至少2个。这样一来一去，就吃掉至少3到4点价差，加上买和卖双边手续费，至少7-8个点。

​SpreadStrategy：把最难的价差组合搞清楚，价差交易策略就很简单，就是按照价差组的价格走势，发送价差交易算法，这里的是通过start_long_algo / start_short_algo 这样发出交易算法，再由SpreadAlgoEngine去分解发送真正交易请求；个人感觉中间计算太多次，速度有点拖。

总结下，核心就是把价差组理解为一个组合品种，对组合品种的买卖是用价差算法来过渡实现。但是双边交易手续费和价格差和payup太占用利润。不太适合直接作为日内交易。

全市场行情录制，1核512内存应该也足够了，建议2核1G以上服务器

直接上代码

import sys
import multiprocessing
import re
from contextlib import closing
from copy import copy
from copy import deepcopy
from vnpy.trader.constant import Exchange, Interval
from vnpy.trader.object import BarData, HistoryRequest, Product, TickData
from vnpy.trader.database import init
from vnpy.trader.setting import get_settings
from enum import Enum
from time import sleep
from datetime import datetime, time, timedelta
from logging import INFO

from vnpy.event import EventEngine
from vnpy.trader.setting import SETTINGS
from vnpy.trader.engine import MainEngine
from vnpy.trader.utility import load_json, extract_vt_symbol

from vnpy.gateway.ctp import CtpGateway
from vnpy.app.cta_strategy import CtaStrategyApp
from vnpy.app.cta_strategy.base import EVENT_CTA_LOG
from vnpy.trader.event import EVENT_CONTRACT, EVENT_TICK

from vnpy.app.data_recorder.engine import RecorderEngine

EXCHANGE_LIST = [
    Exchange.SHFE,
    Exchange.DCE,
    Exchange.CZCE,
    Exchange.CFFEX,
    Exchange.INE,
]

SETTINGS["log.active"] = True
SETTINGS["log.level"] = INFO
SETTINGS["log.console"] = True
CTP_SETTING = load_json("connect_ctp.json")


def is_futures(vt_symbol: str) -> bool:
    """
    是否是期货
    """
    return bool(re.match(r"^[a-zA-Z]{1,3}\d{2,4}.[A-Z]+$", vt_symbol))


class RecordMode(Enum):
    BAR = "bar"
    TICK = "tick"


class WholeMarketRecorder(RecorderEngine):
    def __init__(self, main_engine, event_engine, record_modes=[RecordMode.BAR]):
        super().__init__(main_engine, event_engine)
        self.record_modes = record_modes
        # 非交易时间
        self.drop_start = time(3, 15)
        self.drop_end = time(8, 45)

        # 大连、上海、郑州交易所，小节休息
        self.rest_start = time(10, 15)
        self.rest_end = time(10, 30)

    def is_trading(self, vt_symbol, current_time) -> bool:
        """
        交易时间，过滤校验Tick
        """
        symbol, exchange = extract_vt_symbol(vt_symbol)

        if current_time >= self.drop_start and current_time < self.drop_end:
            return False
        if exchange in [Exchange.DCE, Exchange.SHFE, Exchange.CZCE]:
            if current_time >= self.rest_start and current_time < self.rest_end:
                return False
        return True

    def load_setting(self):
        pass

    def record_tick(self, tick: TickData):
        """
        抛弃非交易时间校验数据
        """
        tick_time = tick.datetime.time()
        if not is_trading(tick.vt_symbol, tick_time):
            return
        task = ("tick", copy(tick))
        self.queue.put(task)

    def record_bar(self, bar: BarData):
        """
        抛弃非交易时间校验数据
        """
        bar_time = bar.datetime.time()
        if not is_trading(bar.vt_symbol, bar_time):
            return
        task = ("bar", copy(bar))
        self.queue.put(task)

    def process_contract_event(self, event):
        """"""
        contract = event.data
        vt_symbol = contract.vt_symbol
        # 不录制期权
        if is_futures(vt_symbol):
            if RecordMode.BAR in self.record_modes:
                self.add_bar_recording(vt_symbol)
            if RecordMode.TICK in self.record_modes:
                self.add_tick_recording(vt_symbol)
            self.subscribe(contract)


def run_child():
    """
    Running in the child process.
    """
    SETTINGS["log.file"] = True

    event_engine = EventEngine()
    main_engine = MainEngine(event_engine)
    main_engine.add_gateway(CtpGateway)
    main_engine.write_log("主引擎创建成功")

    # 记录引擎

    log_engine = main_engine.get_engine("log")
    event_engine.register(EVENT_CTA_LOG, log_engine.process_log_event)
    main_engine.write_log("注册日志事件监听")

    main_engine.connect(CTP_SETTING, "CTP")
    main_engine.write_log("连接CTP接口")

    whole_market_recorder = WholeMarketRecorder(main_engine, event_engine)

    main_engine.write_log("开始录制数据")
    oms_engine = main_engine.get_engine("oms")
    while True:
        sleep(1)


def run_parent():
    """
    Running in the parent process.
    """
    print("启动CTA策略守护父进程")

    # Chinese futures market trading period (day/night)
    MORNING_START = time(8, 45)
    MORNING_END = time(12, 0)

    AFTERNOON_START = time(12, 45)
    AFTERNOON_END = time(15, 35)

    NIGHT_START = time(20, 45)
    NIGHT_END = time(3, 5)

    child_process = None

    while True:
        current_time = datetime.now().time()
        trading = False

        # Check whether in trading period
        if (
            (current_time >= MORNING_START and current_time <= MORNING_END)
            or (current_time >= AFTERNOON_START and current_time <= AFTERNOON_END)
            or (current_time >= NIGHT_START)
            or (current_time <= NIGHT_END)
        ):
            trading = True

        # Start child process in trading period
        if trading and child_process is None:
            print("启动数据录制子进程")
            child_process = multiprocessing.Process(target=run_child)
            child_process.start()
            print("数据录制子进程启动成功")

        # 非记录时间则退出数据录制子进程
        if not trading and child_process is not None:
            print("关闭数据录制子进程")
            child_process.terminate()
            child_process.join()
            child_process = None
            print("数据录制子进程关闭成功")
        sys.stdout.flush()
        sleep(5)


if __name__ == "__main__":
    run_parent()